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lunes, 4 de febrero de 2019

La amazona trans de hace 2.500 años


Muy posiblemente sería el esqueleto de una mujer trans de hace 2.500 años que vivió como una guerrera muy apreciada dentro de la cultura pazyryk en las montañas Altai del Asia Central.
Y si bien no es la primera posible mujer trans de la que se tiene noticia como equivocadamente dicen las noticias, sí es la primera a la que le realizan una genial reconstrucción realista en 3D, por lo que se ha viralizado rápidamente y esto son buenas noticias.
Nuevos análisis de ADN habrían llevado a descubrir que el esqueleto podría ser clasificado genéticamente como de hombre, pero le fueron asignados todos los adornos y rasgos culturales correspondientes a los de una joven mujer, lo que llevaría a pensar que se trata de una de las primeras pruebas de que las mujeres trans no sólo existían hace 2.500 años sino que también era aceptadas y queridas dentro de su cultura.
Quien podría ser una mujer trans era parte del grupo de élite de guerreros de la cultura pazyryk y fue enterrada junto a sus escudos, hachas de batalla, arcos y flechas, un testamento a sus habilidades como luchadora y arquera.
También fue enterrada con caracoles de mar, raros en los entierros pazyryk, dejando claro que los demás la veían como a una joven mujer, los caracoles eran considerados un símbolo de la fertilidad femenina.
El ataúd, la almohada de madera y el carcaj para sus flechas se correspondían a los asignados a las mujeres en su cultura. Además ésta muy posible mujer trans también era considerada una gran persona y era honrada por su tribu, habiendo sido enterrada con nueve caballos para que la escoltaran en el más allá.
Este tipo de hallazgos arqueológicos así como la revisón de las vidas de las personas trans que han sido malgenerizadas por la historia revisten una particular importancia para el trans feminismo ya que uno de los argumentos utilizados con mayor frecuencia por las, los y les críticxs sociales, muchxs de ellxs LGB o queer cisgénero para invalidar la identidad y la existencia misma de las personas trans, es dejarlas sin pasado, pretendiendo que las identidades trans son un invento de la tecnología médica y de los movimientos sociales de mediados del siglo 20, así que se empeñan en descalificar cualquier intento de continuidad entre las biografías de personas trans de otras épocas, así como de los hallazgos arqueológicos, con las vidas de las personas trans de hoy en día.
No es el primer esqueleto que se ha encontrado de quien podría ser una mujer trans como dice la noticia, el problema como suele ocurrir es una suerte de cisexismo arqueológico, hasta hace muy poco las aparentes contradicciones entre el género asignado a un esqueleto antiguo y los rasgos culturales que acompañaban su entierro eran simplemente pasadas por alto y la persona trans  que era reconocida como una mujer de acuerdo a su cultura, incluso apreciada como tal, era malgenerizada contra toda evidencia, miles de años después por los arqueólogos modernos.
Antes que el descubrimiento del esqueleto de la guerrera de Altai, están los restos óseos de quien muy posiblemente era otra mujer trans en este caso todavía más antigua, de hace 5.000 años, encontrados en un suburbio de Praga en 2011 y que rutinariamente hubieran sido clasificados como de hombre, a no ser porque se encontraban en la posición y con todos los atributos culturales conferidos a una mujer, a la que además se le tenía en alto aprecio, lo que hizo dudar a la arquéologa a cargo y su equipo, quienes se refirieron al hallazgo como “el esqueleto gay”, aunque no hay forma de saber si la persona trans encontrada se reconocía a sí misma como no binaria o bien como mujer, todos los atributos del entierro se correspondían a los asignados a las mujeres de esa cultura, a no ser por los huesos, hubieran clasificado sin pensarlo su género como de mujer, pero claro está el cisexismo y no podían concebir que el género de una persona trans, en este caso posiblemente de una mujer trans, sea tan real y válido como el de una persona cisgénero, así que, si tiene huesos “de hombre” tenía que ser “hombre” aunque todo lo demás diga lo contrario.
Siguiendo la publicación del análisis del esqueleto de la mujer transgénero pazyryk, un modelo realista en 3D a partir del cráneo fue creado para el Museum of the Palatinate en Speyer, Alemania.
El reporte del hallazgo de la posible mujer trans guerrera pazyryk fue presentado primero por la publicación Science First Hand por Alexander Pilipenko del the Institute of Cytology and Genetics y  Natalia Polosmak del Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography at the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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